Primary

Energy storage system primary frequency regulation

Primary frequency regulation is an automatic response from generator units when grid frequency deviates from the nominal value (e. It works through the turbine governor system, which rapidly adjusts output power—usually within seconds. . This paper proposes an analytical control strategy that enables distributed energy resources (DERs) to provide inertial and primary frequency support. A reduced second-order model is developed based on aggregation theory to simplify the multi-machine system and facilitate time-domain frequency. . To mitigate the system frequency fluctuations induced by the integration of a large amount of renewable energy sources into the grid, a novel ESS participation strategy for primary frequency regulation considering the State of Charge (SOC) is proposed. Each serves a unique purpose and works at different timescales, but both are vital to grid stability—especially with the increasing penetration of renewable energy.

[PDF Version]